Aumenta el número de denuncias por falta de accesibilidad digital

Es del año 2021, pero seguramente este año 2022 la tendencia será similar: Lawsuits Over Digital Accessibility for People With Disabilities Are Rising. El artículo dice:

The number of U.S. lawsuits alleging that websites, apps and digital videos were inaccessible to people with disabilities rose 64% in the first half of 2021 from a year earlier, a new report says.

Plaintiffs filed 1,661 lawsuits claiming digital violations of either the federal Americans with Disabilities Act or California’s Unruh Civil Rights Act between Jan. 1 and June 30, up from 1,012 in the comparable period of 2020, according to the report by UsableNet Inc., a technology firm that offers accessibility-compliance technology and services.

Such lawsuits have risen steadily, to about 3,500 in 2020 from roughly 2,900 in 2019 and about 2,300 in 2018, UsableNet said. The company predicts more than 4,000 such lawsuits for all of 2021 if trends hold.

Demostración de uso del control de voz en MacOS

 

Texto alternativo que no es alternativo

En el boletín que envía Lidl por correo electrónico me encontré lo siguiente una vez que tuve problemas de conexión a Internet:

En el texto alternativo de todas las imágenes habían puesto "alt_text".

Cuando volví a tener conexión a Internet, pude ver qué es lo que me querían vender:

Texto alternativo en imágenes

 

Accesibilidad para usuarios de "eye tracking"

Muy interesante el artículo Creating Accessible Content for People Who Use Eye-Tracking Devices en el que se proporcionan consejos para mejorar la accesibilidad de cara a los usuarios que emplean sistemas de "eye tracking":

Eye-tracking devices (also called eye trackers) are an assistive technology developed for people with mobility conditions, neurocognitive conditions, and other disabilities. The technology typically uses a low-powered infrared light-emitting diode (LED) to illuminate the user’s eye. A camera tracks the reflections from the LED, and software processes eye movements.

By looking at specific parts of the screen, users can interact with on-screen keyboards, mouse simulators, and other input fields. The technology addresses many of the challenges that people with disabilities encounter when using a mouse: Users are less likely to become fatigued or make accidental clicks.

When properly calibrated, eye trackers provide a comfortable, intuitive way to browse the internet. However, all assistive technologies work more effectively on well-designed websites. The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) provide the best framework for designing content that works for all users — including people with disabilities who use assistive technology.

Below, we’ll discuss a few design and development decisions that could impact people who use eye-tracking technology to access websites or mobile apps.

Problemas de accesibilidad en la sede electrónica del Ministerio de Justicia

José Antonio Astasio, una persona con discapacidad visual severa, me pidió hace unos meses que le ayudase porque se había topado con una página web de la sede electrónica del Ministerio de Justicia del Gobierno de España que tiene un captcha visual, sin una alternativa, y que, por tanto, no puede responder.

En el siguiente vídeo realizo un breve análisis de la accesibilidad de la página web en cuestión. Además del problema de accesibilidad que experimenta José Antonio, la página web tiene otros problemas importantes:

Uso del lector de pantalla Narrador de Windows

 

Acuerdo en la denuncia por falta de accesibilidad del sitio web de Domino's

En Robles v. Domino’s Settles After Six Years of Litigation podemos leer:

After six hard-fought years in litigation at every level of the federal judicial system — including the Supreme Court — the parties in what may be the most famous website accessibility lawsuit of all time have reached a settlement, according to a Notice of Settlement filed with the district court on June 6, 2022.  We do not know, and may never know, the terms of that resolution. The  Notice does not indicate what form the resolution will take, or whether it will be confidential.

Modo daltónico en Wordle

El juego Wordle dispone de un modo daltónico en sus opciones de configuración.

En la siguiente imagen se muestran el modo por defecto:

Y en la siguiente imagen el modo daltónico:

Accesibilidad de las listas

 

Accesibilidad básica en WordPress

 

Consejos para que los colores sean accesibles en una página web

 

Productos de apoyo y el caso de Stephen Hawking

 

Lectura de un texto complicado con un lector de pantalla

A principios de abril, Arturo Pérez-Reverte publicó el siguiente tuit:

El futuro ya está aquí. Ahora, a disfrutarlo. pic.twitter.com/sTmgYIJoPQ

— Arturo Pérez-Reverte (@perezreverte) April 3, 2022

La imagen del tuit era la siguiente:

El texto que aparece en la imagen es:

Las siguientes preguntas son acerca del/de la “padre, madre o tutor/a legal A” y el/la “padre, madre o tutor/a legal B” del/de la niño/a. Si el/la niño/a solo tiene un/a padre, madre o tutor/a legal, responda “padre, madre o tutor/a legal A”. Si tiene dos padres o tutores/as legales, responda una pregunta para “padre, madre o tutor/a legal A” y otra para “padre, madre o tutor/a legal B”.

En los siguientes vídeos se puede escuchar la lectura de un texto mediante un lector de pantalla:

Con el "Lector en voz alta" que está integrado en Microsoft Word:

Con el lector de pantalla Narrador de Microsoft Windows:

Con el lector de pantalla NVDA:

Las tablas se pueden usar y se deben usar, cuando toque

En Turning the tables on accessibility, un ingeniero del equipo de desarrollo del sitio web del periódico The Guardian explica cómo aprendió mediante "prueba y error" que las tablas se pueden seguir usando (él pensaba que estaban obsoletas, "deprecated") y que se deben usar cuando se presente información tabulada.

Accesibilidad web: legislación en España 2021

 

Cómo hacer una página web NO accesible

 

¿Cuándo se publicará la versión definitiva de WCAG 2.2?

Según Why WCAG 2.2 is still in the oven, puede ser que en septiembre 2022:

Back in 2020 I wrote about What to Expect From WCAG 2.2. At the time, the W3C’s Accessibility Guidelines Working Group was expecting WCAG 2.2 to be finalized in June of 2021. That didn’t exactly work out. We’re currently looking at September 2022 as a potential date for WCAG 2.2.

Este artículo es muy interesante porque también comenta los criterios de WCAG 2.2 que más esfuerzo han requerido para llegar a un consenso.

¿Cómo una niña sorda, ciega o sordociega puede usar el ordenador?

Sandra Sánchez Gordón, una antigua estudiante de doctorado que tuve el placer de dirigir, explica en un nivel básico cómo una niña sorda, ciega o sordociega puede usar el ordenador:

Estadísticas sobre la accesibilidad

33 Accessibility Statistics You Need to Know in 2021 recopila estadísticas interesantes sobre la accesibilidad y la discapacidad:

• 15% of the world’s population has some sort of disability (WHO)
• 59.6% of the U.S. population with disabilities were living in a household with internet access (Statista)
• 23% percent of disabled respondents say they “never” go online (Pew Research)
• In the U.S., there are currently about 56.7 million Americans with a disability (Census Bureau).
• Around 80 million people in the European Union (EU) currently have a disability (europarl.europa.eu)
• By 2060 the number of people 65 or older is expected to double to 98 million (APA)
• In the APAC region, approximately 20% of Australians have a disability (AIHW)
• According to WHO statistics. 217 million people worldwide had moderate to severe vision impairment in 2015, with this number expected to rise to 588 million by 2050 (WHO)
• Approximately 6.5 million people in the United States and 1-3% of the global population has an intellectual disability (American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities)
• In the US, about 74.6 million people have some type of physical disability (John Hopkins Medicine. “Statistics of Disability.” 2013)
• The population of people with different disabilities in the United States. Hearing Difficulty: 316,450,569; Vision Difficulty: 316,450,569; Cognitive Difficulty: 296,658,475; Ambulatory Difficulty: 296,658,475; Self-Care Difficulty: 296,658,475; Independent Living Difficulty: 242,958,638 (Census Bureau)
• 90% of websites are inaccessible to people with disabilities who rely on assistive technology (AbilityNet).
• 98.1% of home pages had detectable WCAG 2 failures (WebAIM)
• Based on a study of 1M websites by AIM, low contrast is the most common reason (86.3%) for WCAG2 failures (WebAIM)
• Accessibility lawsuits and litigation increased by as much as 181% in the US from 2017 to 2018 (3playmedia.com)
• In 2019, ADA statistics show that 2,256 lawsuits were filed in federal court by persons with disabilities based on web accessibility barriers (adatitleiii.com)
• In 2020, digital accessibility lawsuits rose to over 3,500 cases, that's almost ten lawsuits filed every business day in the United States (UsableNet)
• 21% of lawsuits are against companies who received web accessibility lawsuits in the past (UsableNet)
• Desktop websites had 3235 legal claims for accessibility; Mobile apps had 296 claims; Video Accessibility had 150 claims; Combined Web & App had 16 claims; and Mobile Websites, 3 claims (UsableNet)
• Retailers were cited the most in digital accessibility lawsuits (77.55% ), with food service companies in second place at 7.77% (UsableNet)
• According to research conducted by Tenon, on average, you can find 279 A level and 106 AA level accessibility errors on a page (tenon.io)
• 92% of the most popular federal websites fail to meet basic standards for accessibility, says a study from the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation.
• Over 250 companies sued had invested in accessibility widgets or overlays (UsableNet)
• The best-automated testing tools can only catch about 25% of accessibility issues (boia.org)
• People with disabilities spend a half-trillion dollars annually (UsableNet)
• 73% of the people in the U.K. living with disabilities are unable to complete basic transactions on more than a quarter of the websites they visit (Click-Away Pound)
• Two-thirds of e-commerce transactions are abandoned by people who are blind because of lack of accessibility (US Department of Commerce)
• 82% say they would often return and spend more with a company that provides an accessible online experience (Click-Away Pound)
• Companies without accessible sites are losing $6.9 billion a year to competitors whose sites are accessible (US Department of Commerce)