Todo tipo de información sobre accesibilidad en la Web: errores de accesibilidad, ejemplos de páginas inaccesibles, noticias, software, hardware, productos de apoyo, consejos, pautas y guías de accesibilidad, WAI, WCAG, Norma EN 301 549, legislación, etc.
Eye-tracking devices (also called eye trackers) are an assistive technology developed for people with mobility conditions, neurocognitive conditions, and other disabilities. The technology typically uses a low-powered infrared light-emitting diode (LED) to illuminate the user’s eye. A camera tracks the reflections from the LED, and software processes eye movements.
By looking at specific parts of the screen, users can interact with on-screen keyboards, mouse simulators, and other input fields. The technology addresses many of the challenges that people with disabilities encounter when using a mouse: Users are less likely to become fatigued or make accidental clicks.
When properly calibrated, eye trackers provide a comfortable, intuitive way to browse the internet. However, all assistive technologies work more effectively on well-designed websites. The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) provide the best framework for designing content that works for all users — including people with disabilities who use assistive technology.
Below, we’ll discuss a few design and development decisions that could impact people who use eye-tracking technology to access websites or mobile apps.
En el siguiente vídeo realizo un breve análisis de la accesibilidad de la página web en cuestión. Además del problema de accesibilidad que experimenta José Antonio, la página web tiene otros problemas importantes:
After six hard-fought years in litigation at every level of the federal judicial system — including the Supreme Court — the parties in what may be the most famous website accessibility lawsuit of all time have reached a settlement, according to a Notice of Settlement filed with the district court on June 6, 2022. We do not know, and may never know, the terms of that resolution. The Notice does not indicate what form the resolution will take, or whether it will be confidential.
— Arturo Pérez-Reverte (@perezreverte) April 3, 2022
La imagen del tuit era la siguiente:
El texto que aparece en la imagen es:
Las siguientes preguntas son acerca del/de la “padre, madre o tutor/a legal A” y el/la “padre, madre o tutor/a legal B” del/de la niño/a. Si el/la niño/a solo tiene un/a padre, madre o tutor/a legal, responda “padre, madre o tutor/a legal A”. Si tiene dos padres o tutores/as legales, responda una pregunta para “padre, madre o tutor/a legal A” y otra para “padre, madre o tutor/a legal B”.
En los siguientes vídeos se puede escuchar la lectura de un texto mediante un lector de pantalla:
Con el "Lector en voz alta" que está integrado en Microsoft Word:
Con el lector de pantalla Narrador de Microsoft Windows:
En Turning the tables on accessibility, un ingeniero del equipo de desarrollo del sitio web del periódico The Guardian explica cómo aprendió mediante "prueba y error" que las tablas se pueden seguir usando (él pensaba que estaban obsoletas, "deprecated") y que se deben usar cuando se presente información tabulada.
Back in 2020 I wrote about What to Expect From WCAG 2.2. At the time, the W3C’s Accessibility Guidelines Working Group was expecting WCAG 2.2 to be finalized in June of 2021. That didn’t exactly work out. We’re currently looking at September 2022 as a potential date for WCAG 2.2.
Este artículo es muy interesante porque también comenta los criterios de WCAG 2.2 que más esfuerzo han requerido para llegar a un consenso.
Sandra Sánchez Gordón, una antigua estudiante de doctorado que tuve el placer de dirigir, explica en un nivel básico cómo una niña sorda, ciega o sordociega puede usar el ordenador:
15% of the world’s population has some sort of disability (WHO)
59.6% of the U.S. population with disabilities were living in a household with internet access (Statista)
23% percent of disabled respondents say they “never” go online (Pew Research)
In the U.S., there are currently about 56.7 million Americans with a disability (Census Bureau).
Around 80 million people in the European Union (EU) currently have a disability (europarl.europa.eu)
By 2060 the number of people 65 or older is expected to double to 98 million (APA)
In the APAC region, approximately 20% of Australians have a disability (AIHW)
According to WHO statistics. 217 million people worldwide had moderate to severe vision impairment in 2015, with this number expected to rise to 588 million by 2050 (WHO)
Approximately 6.5 million people in the United States and 1-3% of the global population has an intellectual disability (American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities)
In the US, about 74.6 million people have some type of physical disability (John Hopkins Medicine. “Statistics of Disability.” 2013)
The population of people with different disabilities in the United States. Hearing Difficulty: 316,450,569; Vision Difficulty: 316,450,569; Cognitive Difficulty: 296,658,475; Ambulatory Difficulty: 296,658,475; Self-Care Difficulty: 296,658,475; Independent Living Difficulty: 242,958,638 (Census Bureau)
90% of websites are inaccessible to people with disabilities who rely on assistive technology (AbilityNet).
98.1% of home pages had detectable WCAG 2 failures (WebAIM)
Based on a study of 1M websites by AIM, low contrast is the most common reason (86.3%) for WCAG2 failures (WebAIM)
Accessibility lawsuits and litigation increased by as much as 181% in the US from 2017 to 2018 (3playmedia.com)
In 2019, ADA statistics show that 2,256 lawsuits were filed in federal court by persons with disabilities based on web accessibility barriers (adatitleiii.com)
In 2020, digital accessibility lawsuits rose to over 3,500 cases, that's almost ten lawsuits filed every business day in the United States (UsableNet)
21% of lawsuits are against companies who received web accessibility lawsuits in the past (UsableNet)
Desktop websites had 3235 legal claims for accessibility; Mobile apps had 296 claims; Video Accessibility had 150 claims; Combined Web & App had 16 claims; and Mobile Websites, 3 claims (UsableNet)
Retailers were cited the most in digital accessibility lawsuits (77.55% ), with food service companies in second place at 7.77% (UsableNet)
According to research conducted by Tenon, on average, you can find 279 A level and 106 AA level accessibility errors on a page (tenon.io)
92% of the most popular federal websites fail to meet basic standards for accessibility, says a study from the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation.
Over 250 companies sued had invested in accessibility widgets or overlays (UsableNet)
The best-automated testing tools can only catch about 25% of accessibility issues (boia.org)
People with disabilities spend a half-trillion dollars annually (UsableNet)
73% of the people in the U.K. living with disabilities are unable to complete basic transactions on more than a quarter of the websites they visit (Click-Away Pound)
Two-thirds of e-commerce transactions are abandoned by people who are blind because of lack of accessibility (US Department of Commerce)
82% say they would often return and spend more with a company that provides an accessible online experience (Click-Away Pound)
Companies without accessible sites are losing $6.9 billion a year to competitors whose sites are accessible (US Department of Commerce)
Thursday, May 19, 2022, help us celebrate the 11th Global Accessibility Awareness Day (GAAD)! The purpose of GAAD is to get everyone talking, thinking and learning about digital access and inclusion, and the more than One Billion people with disabilities/impairments.
El 19 de mayo, le invitamos a participar en el Día Mundial para Promover la Concienciación sobre la Accesibilidad Web, conocido en inglés como Global Accessibility Awareness Day (GAAD). Cuando hablamos de la accesibilidad Web nos referimos a el contenido, la navegación y la interacción. El propósito de este día es para hablar, pensar y aprender sobre la accesibilidad de las tecnologías digitales (web, software, dispositivos móviles, etc.) y los diferente tipos de usuarios, incluyendo las personas con discapacidades. La audiencia que queremos atraer para GAAD son las comunidades de diseño, desarrollo, usabilidad y también los que crean, dan forma, apoyan financieramente e influencian la industria de tecnología y su uso. Aunque una persona este interesada en el tema de hacer la tecnología mas accesible y usable para las personas con discapacidades, la realidad es que muchas veces no saben como y donde comenzar. El conomocimento sobra la accesibilidad Web es el primer paso. Lea a continuación la entrada de un blog escrito por Joe Devon que inspiró esta campaña mundial.
Google ha presentado esta semana en su evento para desarrolladores I/O unas gafas de realidad aumentada que están todavía en fase de prototipaje. El anuncio, que coincide con el décimo aniversario de la salida al mercado de las Google Glass, desvela la apuesta de la empresa de Palo Alto por una tecnología que está llamada a desempeñar un papel clave en el desarrollo del metaverso. Durante la presentación se mostró una de las funcionalidades de las lentes: son capaces de traducir varios idiomas en tiempo real y proyectar en el cristal subtítulos para que el usuario pueda seguir la conversación.
Las gafas no tienen un aspecto aparatoso: se parecen de hecho a las que ha lanzado Meta junto con Ray-Ban y que son capaces de sacar fotos y grabar vídeos. Las de Google llevan un micrófono que recoge la conversación y la transcribe en el idioma deseado, proyectándola solo para la vista del usuario. “Las capacidades de la realidad aumentada ya están presentes en los teléfonos y esta magia tendrá sentido cuando se pueda usar en el mundo real sin que la tecnología se interponga en el camino”, dijo el consejero delegado de la compañía, Sundar Pichai.
El nuevo proyecto de Google deberá enterrar el recuerdo de las fallidas Google Glass, sus primeras gafas con realidad aumentada. El lanzamiento fue un fracaso. Entre los motivos que se han esgrimido durante estos años para justificarlo se cuenta que los consumidores no estaban preparados para manejarse con esa tecnología.