Ejemplo de estudio de la accesibilidad de un sitio web

El documento Accessibility study of BBCi: Problems faced by users with disabilities es un análisis muy exhaustivo de la accesibilidad del sitio web de la BBC.

Este documento en formato PDF es un poco antiguo, de 2003, pero es un buen ejemplo de cómo realizar un análisis y el correspondiente informe de la accesibilidad de un sitio web.

Control del ordenador con el movimiento de los ojos

En la Universidad de Cambridge, en Inglaterra, han inventado un sistema llamado VIM (Visual Inference Machine) que permite controlar un ordenador con el movimiento de los ojos. En la nota de prensa publicada, Sending email at the blink of an eye, se puede leer que el software se podrá descargar de forma gratuita:

"A new invention could change the lives of millions of disabled people by allowing them to control a computer by raising an eyebrow. Developed by Oliver Williams and Professor Roberto Cipolla from the Department of Engineering, the software will be free to download and use, providing a much-needed method of input for those unable to communicate conventionally.

The system, code named VIM (Visual Inference Machine), provides an accurate way of tracking limited facial movement. Unlike other input systems, it only requires a webcam and portable computer, providing a cheap alternative to existing systems that can cost tens of thousands of pounds.

VIM allows users with limited movement abilities to control a user interface with facial movements, such as eyebrows, eyes, or mouth. Coupled with Dasher, an invention from the Department of Physics, VIM allows severely disabled people to type and send emails at speeds close to keyboard input".

La accesibilidad web: una asignatura pendiente

En El Pais se ha publicado un artículo de opinión titulado La accesibilidad web: una asignatura pendiente, de Pablo Priesca. El artículo es muy interesante, algunas frases interesantes:

"El grado de cumplimiento de la Ley de Accesibilidad por parte de la administraciones publicas es en general deficiente".

"Las Administraciones sienten la presión de la Ley, aunque son conocedoras de que ésta no prevé, al menos de momento, sanciones por incumplimiento".

Para terminar:

"Todo indica que el concepto acuñado por el creador del Web y director general del Consorcio W3C, Tim Berners-Lee, en el sentido de construir una web de acceso universal, debiera ser un camino irreversible. La cuestión es la velocidad. Aceleremos entre todos".

Libro electrónico: Dive Into Accessibility

Está disponible en formato electrónico para descargar de forma gratuita el libro Dive Into Accessibility, de Mark Pilgrim. Se puede descargar en formato HTML o PDF.

La introducción del libro dice:

This book is entitled "Dive Into Accessibility: 30 days to a more accessible web site", and it will answer two questions. The first question is "Why should I make my web site more accessible?" If you do not have a web site, this book is not for you. The second question is "How can I make my web site more accessible?" If you are not convinced by the first answer, you will not be interested in the second.

To answer the first question, I will present character sketches of five people: Jackie, Michael, Bill, Lillian, and Marcus. These people have several things in common:

1. They all have a combination of physical, mental, and technological disabilities which make it more difficult to use the Internet.
   
2. Although fictitious, they all represent real people with disabilities, and they use the Internet in ways that real people with disabilities use the Internet.
   
3. They all have difficulty reading your web site.

To answer the second question, I will present 25 tips that you can immediately apply to your own web site to make it more accessible. Although these concepts apply to all web sites, I will be focusing on implementation using popular weblogging tools. If you use some other publishing tool or template system, you will need to determine how to implement the tips in your tool of choice.

Each tip will focus on a single concept, explain the reasoning behind it, and show who will benefit once you implement it. This is why the character sketches come first, because they change the tone of the first question from "Why should I bother?" to "Who benefits?" Answer: "Marcus benefits." "How does Marcus benefit?" "Well, let's look at that..." And so forth.

Don't panic if you are not an HTML expert. Don't panic if the only web site you have is a personal weblog, you picked your template out of a list on your first day of blogging, and you've never touched it since. I am not here to tell you that you need to radically redesign your web site from scratch, rip out all your nested tables, and convert to XHTML and CSS. This is about taking what you have and making it better in small but important ways. Jackie, Michael, Bill, Lillian, and Marcus will thank you for your attention.


[Actualización 25/4/2011]

Ha sido traducido al castellano con el título Sumérjase en la Accesibilidad.