¿Qué se puede automatizar en la evaluación de la accesibilidad web?

Steve Faulkner analiza en mind the WCAG automation gap los criterios de WCAG que se pueden automatizar.

Por ejemplo, para SC 1.1.1 Non-text Content (A) indica:

Testability: ⚠️ Partial

Automation can:

Detect presence or absence of alt attributes.

Identify empty/missing alt on <img> elements.

Identify images using role="presentation" or aria-hidden="true".

Automation cannot:

Assess if alt text is meaningful or contextually accurate.

Confirm whether the alt conveys the image’s purpose.

Validate completeness of alternatives for complex content (e.g., charts).

Y para SC 2.4.3 Focus Order (A):

Testability: ⚠️ Partial

Automation can:

Read the DOM/tab order.

Flag unusual jumps or unreachable elements.

Automation cannot:

Evaluate whether the focus order matches visual/reading order.

Confirm whether users can complete tasks logically by keyboard.